The Nigeria society is a rapid transition in addition to the inevitable and usually gradual transformation processes that affect all social system, the institutions economic political, legal of the Nigeria society are being debatably and hurriedly reformed to avoid the pit falls of the past
Momentous decision are being made now programme established and new strategies adopted all in an effort to achieve a new social order.
The above quotation from paper on crisis management presented by mark Anikpo has been chosen as a good starting point for this study.
One of the on going strategies to do this is the reform being introduced in to the local government system by the office of the chief of general staff to prepare the local government as an effective third tier of government. Usually such rapid reforms tend to be prone to one from of organizational crisis or another crisis here refers to a unusual situation the out come of which is uncertain or capable of generating system it crisis out of the inherent disposition of the system to disturb the political and administration process by its decision or operations.
It often arises from situational uncertainties and inadequacies. These could be power tussle inadequate funds or times to execute all envisage project psychological discommendation of the populace and its rejection of the proposal reforms.
There full implication of established programmers or a deliberate dinging to police established primarily to protect institution class relations.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 General background to the subject matter
1.1 GENERAL BACKGTROUND TO THE SUBJECT MATTER
Local Government in Nigeria has been characterized by instability and disruptions emanating from one from of crisis or the other. These crisis that were often promoted by the activities of central government usually led to complete dissolution and take over of the functions of the local government by the state government.
In other words, local government in this country has always been subjected to the whims and caprices of the state government. They were never firmly established to make any contribution to the construction of a stable and deeply rooted polity as the “panchayata, institutions seen to have done in India”.
The various local government reforms and particularly the 1976 reform were thus interracial armed at stabilizing and rationalizing government at the local level. Unfortunately however the chosen implementation strategies seem to have resulted in unanticipated policy out comes.
As this matter of fact, by the end of 1983 it was clear to all that the aims of the 1976 reforms to create autonomous and viable local government system in the country had not couldn’t be realized. It is our belief that this was government system to effectively handle the forms of crisis that effected it during this period.
It is against this background that the topic “crisis management in local government system in Nigeria was chosen.
1.2 PROBLEMS ASSOCIATED WITH THE SUBJECT MATTER
Every crisis has four main stages and allowing each crisis to pass through the four stages has been the bone of effective local government administration in Nigeria.
The four stages of crisis includes:
i. Prodromal stage (every warning stage)
ii. Acute stage
iii. Chronic stage
iv. Resolution stage
crisis management aims to avoid the acute and chromic stages of crisis. A crisis is said to be effectively managed if it moves from the prodromal to resolution stages. We are aware that this has not been the case in the local government.
If we look at the second republic 1979 to 1983, and the last civilian local government administration 1988 to 1989, there were various crisis which include:
i. Financial crisis
ii. power crisis
iii. Man power crisis
iv. Political crisis
v. Crisis of confidence
The entire above crisis were unfortunately allowed to go through the four stages and had their unpleasant effect on local government administration in the country.
Enugu north local government , our case study, is a very good exam[le of the effect of allowing a crisis of through the four stages.
The local government particularly during the 1988 to 1989 local government administration was afflicted by crisis. These crisis went through the full cycle and the effect was intervention by both the federal and the state government.
There were also casa of polarization of the council in many local government which is some cases ended with chairman removing their supervisory councilors. The peculiar circumstance of the creation and existence of local government coupled with the unpredictability of its political and administrative environment in Nigeria largely accounts for the appeal of this topic.
“Crisis management in Nigeria local government administration to the author. Unfortunately, it is clear from the prevailing literature that only very little work if any has been done by scholars and practitioner.
In view of the lapse identified an inquiry into crisis management in Nigeria local government has become most imperative. It is hoped that this inquiry will stimulate near dimension and direction of crisis management.
Above all, its overall objectives could be the search for an effective and efficient local government ministration in Nigeria while the specific will focus on evolving new strategies for building administrative base for local government in the country.
The objectives of this study includes:
i. To examine the existing method of handling crisis in local government administration in the country and ascertain how far local government are performing within the bounds of available manpower.
ii. To examine the structure of local government relevance to Nigeria local government with particular reference to power relationship.
iii. To examine the inter-governmental relationship existing and by Nigeria three level of government and by extension ascertain the constraints on crisis management in Nigeria local government.
iv. To attempt to appraise the existing and potential manpower for the local government
v. To explore worker’s attitude to local government administration with a view of explaining the extents for Nigeria local government in the light of the findings and logically recommend ways for effective crisis management in local government through the country.
1.4 THE IMPORTANT OF STUDYING THE AREA.
Local governments are established for political administrative and service provision purposes, which are further discussed below.
POLITICAL: The establishment of local government is often linked with the desire to promote democracy. The first consideration in this regard must be into participation which if offers. Democracy in a simple sense is a system of self-rule instituted to provide the authority or council of the local government, which is popularly selected.
Participation at this level is not merely an end in itself it also serves to provide political training for local leaders and inculcate in the local populace democratic tenants to protect liberty, which is endangered through exercise centralization of powers.
ADMINISTRATION: Modern states are geographically expensive and are also called upon to perform a large variety of functions and services. The size and complexity of modern government compel one forms decentralization or the other if-the central government is not to collapse out of excessive over loading or if many important functions and services are not suffer neglect. Local government is one of the most preferred forms decentralization because it allows for genuine decongestion of the central government as decision making powers and control of necessary resources are transferred to localities where they are expeditiously exercise to deal with local problems.
Secondary, local government is likely to promote greater efficiency in the provision of service merely by breaking the bulk of government workload, local government reduces it to manageable proportions, but above all it can harass local knowledge resources and expertise behind the administration of local affairs. Many local factors like demography customers and tradition, socio-economic conditions and the local power structure constrain the usefulness of national solutions local problem.
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